Breed Comparisons

German Spitz vs. Pomeranian: Breed Differences & Similarities

Are you looking to take on a German Spitz or Pomeranian, and can't choose between the two? Both breeds have Spitz origins, but their paths took them elsewhere, giving them their own separate traits. Find out the major differences between the German Spitz vs Pomeranian.

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Last Updated: July 13, 2023 | 9 min read

German Spitz vs Pomeranian

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The German Spitz and the Pomeranian share the same ancestry. Descending from larger sled-pulling Arctic breeds, they date back almost 6,000 years, and their history has been intertwined ever since.

These guys originate from Germany, where they were both traditionally used as herding and watchdogs, and although they are now more commonly found in family homes, they still make for a great watchdog with their piercing barking.

At a quick glance, the German Spitz and the Pomeranian are similar-looking pups. However, upon closer inspection, they are quite different in appearance. Their temperament is very similar, as are most of the other factors surrounding them both. Let’s take a closer look at what those differences are and get into the finer details.

If you are not certain of your dog’s genetic makeup, you can use an at-home DNA test kit to find out.

Breed Comparison

German Spitz

  • Height 12-15 Inches
  • Weight 24-26 Pounds
  • Temperament Devoted, Lively, Attentive
  • Energy Average
  • Health Average
  • Lifespan 13-15 Years
  • Price $800 and Up

Pomeranian

  • Height 6-7 Inches
  • Weight 3-7 Pounds
  • Temperament Inquisitive, Bold, Lively
  • Energy Average
  • Health Average
  • Lifespan 12-16 Years
  • Price $1,000 and Up

Key Differences

  1. The German Spitz is much larger, reaching 24 to 26 pounds.
  2. The Pomeranian is much smaller, reaching just 3 to 7 pounds.
  3. The German Spitz has a curly tail, and the Pomeranian has a plumed curvy tail.
  4. A Pomeranian has a longer life span, 16 years, vs. the German Spitz, which lives around 15.
  5. The German Spitz is less expensive.

Breed History

The word ‘Spitz’ is an umbrella term used to describe many breeds of dogs that are stocky with heavy coats, who have erect ears, and usually a pluming tail that carries up their back. Pomeranian is a direct descendant or even just a ‘toy’ version of the German Spitz, and as such, their history is closely entwined.

German Spitz

Medium Sized Dog Outdoors
There are five types of Spitz dogs, and the Mittel, or Medium, Spitz is what we refer to throughout this article.

The German Spitz was first documented in the 15th Century in the area of Pomerania, and there they were used as farming watchdogs by the poorer members of society. It was in the 18th Century that his popularity boomed thanks to visiting royal nobles who took a fancy to him. George I, King of England during the 18th Century, had a German wife who was a big fan of the breed, as were all of her visiting friends who also brought their Spitz’s with them too.

It is important to note that there are officially five types of German Spitz breeds:

  • Wolfspitz / Keeshond
  • Grossespitz / Giant
  • Mittel Spitz / Medium
  • Klein Spitz / Miniature
  • Toy Spitz / Pomeranian

In this article, we will be referring to the Mittel Spitz, or the medium-sized Spitz, as this is what most people think of when they are referring to a German Spitz. The German Spitz population suffered a massive decline in numbers after World War I, but by breeding the Keeshond with the Pomeranian, fanciers revived the Mittel’s numbers once again.

The German Spitz is a relatively new breed to America, and as such, he is currently in the Foundation Stock Service Program, which allows rarer breeds to establish fully recognizable status within the American Kennel Club (AKC). Because of this, he does not have a popularity rating compared with the Pomeranian and is much rarer in America.

Additionally, the AKC, the United Kennel Club, and the Canadian Kennel Club are the only major clubs in the world that recognize the American Eskimo Dog as a separate breed. Many other kennel clubs see him as the same German Spitz breed.

Some believe that this separation was due to anti-German sentiment and the renaming of many German breeds. If you like the German Spitz, be sure to check him out too, as they are also remarkably similar, if not the same, but that is a discussion for another day.

Pomeranian

Small Dog's Face Outdoors
Pomeranians are also known as Toy Spitz or the smallest of the Spitz dogs.

The Pomeranian’s name was taken from the province in Germany in which they were popular. It is believed that famous individuals, such as Michaelangelo, favored the smallest Spitz dogs, and Isaac Newton had a Pomeranian who is said to have eaten many of his manuscripts.

Just like the German Spitz, the Pomeranian became popular in the 18th Century with English Royalty, but the Pomeranians back then were much bigger and not as popular with the masses. This changed when Queen Victoria I stumbled across a 12-pound Pomeranian in Italy. It then became her life-long pastime to create much smaller Pomeranians, and eventually, he was refined to the size that we know today.

Since then, the Pomeranian, with his smaller toy stature, became an instant hit across the world, and the first Pomeranian to be entered into the AKC was in 1888. He is currently ranked as the 23rd most popular breed in America. The Pomeranian is also known as the Zwergspitz in many European countries.

Appearance

Brown and White Dogs Sitting Outdoors
These two dogs look very similar, but the Pom is smaller and has a fluffier coat than the Spitz.

The German Spitz and the Pomeranian are small-sized pups, with the Pomeranian being the toy version. A German Spitz measures 12 to 15 inches from paw to shoulder in both males and females, whereas the Pomeranian measures only 6 to 7 inches, again in both males and females.

The German Spitz will weigh 24 to 26 pounds, whereas the Pomeranian will weigh a tiny 3 to 7 pounds. Again, both weights are the same for both males and females in both breeds. As you can see from the numbers, the German Spitz can be up to two times taller and weigh up to three times more than the Pomeranian. Both are good sized pups for apartments and smaller homes.

After the significant size difference, the second biggest difference between them is their coat. They both have double coats, which enabled them to keep warm while watching their herds and farms in Germany. However, the German Spitz’s undercoat is soft and fluffy, and his outer coat is coarser and straighter. Whereas the Pomeranian’s undercoat is short and dense, with his outer coat being finer longer fur, which gives him his fuzzball appearance, more so than the German Spitz.

If you were to wet the fur of both the German Spitz and the Pomeranian, you would see just how much bigger the German Spitz is compared to the Pomeranian. Poms come in many different colors, including black.

The German Spitz’s tail slightly curls to one side, whereas the Pomeranian has a heavily plumed tail that is set high and sits flat against his back. The Pomeranian has 18 standard colors that are recognized, whereas the German Spitz has just 8 recognized colors.

They also have different-shaped heads and muzzles. The German Spitz has a much longer muzzle that is 1/2 of his skull, whereas the Pomeranian has a much shorter muzzle that is 1/3 of his skull. The German Spitz’s ears are triangle-shaped and are erect and always visible, compared to the Pomeranian’s, which are also erect, but they often disappear in his fluffy mane.

Full details of the German Spitz’s breed standards are listed by the Federation Cynologique Internationale, and the Pomeranian’s breed standards are listed by the AKC.

Temperament

Crazy Looking Dogs Smiling
These breeds are both vivacious and energetic in personality.

Despite their differing appearances, they have similar temperaments. They are both little pocket rockets who are lively and bouncy for hours on end. They are constantly on the go, and because of this, you need to be with them for most of the day, either entertaining them or having a cuddle. If you do have to leave them for extended periods of time, then it is imperative that you leave them with something to do. Their little legs might not need the exercise, but their brain rarely stops to rest.

They are both very sociable and inquisitive dogs who will want to be friends with everyone. Both are very affectionate with their family and will love to spend the afternoon napping on your lap. They also enjoy the company of children, but due to both the German Spitz and the Pomeranian’s small size, it is imperative to teach them how to handle a small dog properly because they are a lot more delicate than children think.

Because of their watchdog past, they are very barky, and they have definitely not lost this trait. This is great if you are after a cute canine that will alert you to everything, but if you aren’t that tolerant of barking or you live somewhere with noise restrictions, then neither of these guys is for you. For this reason, while they are generally happy with other dogs, their response will either be to yap because they are excited, or they will yap because they are challenging their fellow comrades. Their fearless challenges are often what causes them to be injured by other dogs who aren’t familiar with these little guys getting in their faces.

Exercise

Happy Dogs Running Outdoors
Expect to spend around 30 minutes a day burning off energy in both breeds.

Both the German Spitz and the Pomeranian are firecrackers. Just like Tigger from Winnie the Pooh, they bounce all day long. They are considered to be medium-energy dogs and need up to 30 minutes of active exercise a day. This can consist of two walks a day, as long as you are also entertaining them both throughout the day, or they can entertain themselves in the garden.

They both need a considerable amount of exercise for a small dog, so do not expect a lapdog out of these guys, for both can be quite the destructive devil if they want to be. Both breeds will need dog toys that are fit for their size, and this is especially true with the Pomeranian.

Training

Dogs Looking Up at Human
Both breeds should be socialized from an early age.

As with any dog, it is important to socialize with these guys as early as possible. Not only does this increase your chances of having a well-mannered adult pooch, but it also means that they are comfortable in many different situations. While they are not timid in any sense of the word, their small size often makes the world much larger and scarier, and socialization shapes them into the dogs that they should be; fearless and vivacious.

Although some view his high-pitched bark as cute, he should be trained to stop barking on command. Not only can it become tiresome after a while, but it also prevents him from picking fights with the bigger dogs, which will, in turn, prevent him from getting into any trouble. Be sure to read up on bark training with these little guys.

Health

Happy Dogs Walking Outdoors on a Sunny Day
There are a few genetic health concerns to be aware of for both breeds.

Both the German Spitz and the Pomeranian are generally healthy dogs with long lifespans. Because the German Spitz is a relatively new breed in America, there is little information to suggest exactly what tests are recommended for him, but as he suffers from similar health problems as the Pomeranian, it is a safe bet for his parents to have the same recommended health evaluations:

  • Patella Evaluation
  • Cardiac Exam
  • Ophthalmologist Evaluation

The American Pomeranian Club has listed his health details in more detail on their website. Make sure to keep up with regular checkups and vaccinations for your pup, regardless of breed.

Could Pet Insurance Help?

If your pet insurance covers exam fees and your dog needs to be examined, there is a good chance your policy will reimburse those costs based on your policy details. However, if you are a new customer, vet expenses will not be covered until after your policy’s defined waiting periods, so signing up once you have an existing health concern is not going to help this time. Pre-existing conditions are not covered by any current pet insurance plans.

This is why it is a great idea to sign up for a pet insurance policy when your pet is young and relatively healthy to ensure you will be covered when you need it most.

Nutrition

Fluffy Dogs Next to Dog Bowls
High-quality kibble formulated for their life stage is ideal for these pooches.

The German Spitz will eat slightly more at around 2 cups of food a day, whereas the Pomeranian will eat around 1 to 1 1/2 cups a day. As with any dog, giving him top-quality kibble is the easiest way to enhance his health.

Grooming

Furry Dogs Being Brushed
Bot breeds require more grooming than the average dog, with daily brushing needs.

Both the German Spitz and the Pomeranian need brushing every day to ensure that their hair is kept tangle-free, as well as assist in the management of shedding and fuzzy hair.

Neither of them needs to be bathed regularly, just so long as it is not more than once every 6 weeks. You should bathe them when they need general sprucing up or smell bad.

Dental cleaning should be made a priority with these small guys, as their small jaws increase their chances of experiencing dental health problems. Brushing them several times a week will be adequate.

Puppy Price

Small White Puppy Dogs Outdoors
The German Spitz tends to be more affordable than small and popular Poms.

With the German Spitz being quite rare in America, there is little demand for them compared to the Pomeranian. While there is little information on the price of a German Spitz, it would appear that the average is $800+, which is much less compared to the cost of a Pomeranian, which is anywhere between $1,000 and $3,000.

Final Thoughts

The German Spitz and the Pomeranian are similar in their feisty and life-loving temperament, and despite appearing to look similar, they are quite different when you get down to the finer details. These guys are not your average small dog. They require moderate exercise and need specific training to ensure that they do not get too arrogant, so you must research them if you are considering welcoming one of these little guys into your home.

They share ancestry and history, and as such, their similar traits almost go hand in hand. Whatever their differences, they are both adorable small fluff balls that are full of energy and fun. So, if it’s a small dog with a big character that you are after, then these guys are exactly that!

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23 Comments

  1. I live in Italy & since retirement from ranching & having had many breeds; wolfhounds, poodles, labs, Kelpies & Border Collies, Pastori Lagorai, too; as older, I now have had three Pom’s & a German Mitel Spitz. My last dogs are a registered Pom & a German Mitel Spitz. They are both fun dogs. The Mitel Spitz would rule the house if I let him. He is full of jokes, challenges me all the time but I adore him. However, I think no dog for new dog owners. Poms are smart little dogs & very brave. Both spitz breeds fulfill the points made in the article. Thank you for it. My Border Collies were working wonders along with my Pastore Lagorai, but my Spitzs are trick learners superior! But stubborn & constant tricksters all, but fun dogs even for a 85 year old who always had dogs & enjoys them. Thanks Again.

  2. I thought I had a pom. His name is poofy. He a sweet boy. Now I’m wondering if he’s mixed. Because he’s about 15 lbs. has the triangle ears and a longer snout. I thought he was a fox face pom. Now maybe he’s mixed. I love him so much. Maybe I’ll check one day. It hardly matters 🙂

    1. Tana Smithsakol

      We thought outs is a pom as well!. His name is Louie. He’s grown to 14-15 lbs. He has the tall triangle ears and a long snout. We were told he was a fox-face, which he does look like a fox face pom, but he honestly looks more like a german spitz.

  3. My first pom was my psychiatric service dog. He died at age 7 of menningitis in 2009. My current pom is also my service dog. They needed almost no training to do what I need. If I ever need another dog, after my current one passes, it will also be a pom. I did a lot of research before getting my first service dog, and decided the pom would suit my needs. I’ve never regretted that decision. (I have to admit: if I still lived in a house, not an apartment, I’d’ve gotten another collie. I was young when I had her.That was before I know about poms.)

  4. I have a 3 year old Pomeranian. I’ve never yet read an article that so aptly describes this happy energetic and very smart breed. Though I had a Pom as a child, I had forgotten the unflagging energy, curiosity and bossy personalities of these little dogs. They look like lap dogs and cuddling is essential, but in my experience at least, this personality wouldn’t stay long in a back pack!

  5. My Teddy Ruxpin is amazing the lady I got him from says he’s a pure Pomeranian but after reading this, He has to be more Spitz. He is 15 lbs and tail curls to the side. Absolutely one of the most loyal loving amazing personality animal I have ever had. Wouldn’t trade him for anything. He is most definitely a family member not just animal.

  6. When I got my pup, she was a pomeranian. At least that’s what the breeder told me and her Akc paperwork stated so. She is a blue coloured Merle and often people marvel at her colouring and I always hear ‘I’ve never seen this colour in pomeranians.’ That got me to research more. She has a curled tail that lies on one side. Her muzzle is long and her ears are triangle. She is 16 weeks old and weighs almost 5pounds now! I love my baby. I’m a little but disappointed with the breeder for not giving the right info.

    1. Sounds like a great dog, Trae! I would recommend doing a doggy DNA test to get confirmation if you have any questions about your pup’s actual breed. You can typically find them for less than $100 when they are on sale. Thanks for commenting!

    2. I feel this post is misleading. My boy, Chase, is AKC registered. He was 8 pounds when I bought him at 2-3 years old. He is now, 3 years later, 12 pounds. I just had an accurate weight from his vet a couple days ago when he was there for an ear infection. There’s no way he’s a Spitz. Although, I tried to find a Spitz for sale, here in the states before I found my boy and fell in love. Don’t blame your breeder, some POMS just gain more than others. That’s not fair to his breeder.

  7. My puppy is 7 months old and I recently found out that he is not a Pomeranian but looks more like a spitz. My problem is he is very stubborn and difficult to handle at times. What should I do to train him properly?

    1. Hi Chinz! If you’ve been training your pup for a while, my recommendation would be to hire a local trainer to work with you in person. We have many training-related articles on this site, which include videos. But nothing will beat in-person training with a qualified expert. Best of luck with your pup!

  8. I adopted my German Spitz when we moved to a new farm and the owner asked me if I wanted him. His wife wasn’t a fan of dogs. Buddy was around 3 or 4 at the time. He was the most loyal, cuddly, friendly, fast, vivacious and at times arrogant friend I’ve ever had. Tougher than a pine knot. He was by my side every step of the way for a little over 13 years. I miss him every minute of every day.

    Our vets and groomers always assumed he was a Pom because of his coloring (orange) and I enjoyed educating them about the physical differences. Thanks for spreading the word about the differences and similarities.

    1. Thanks for the comment, Renee! Glad you enjoyed the article and thanks for sharing your experience with the breeds!

  9. Both my poms are genetic throwbacks. Purebred Pomeranians but their genetically more Spitz. They weigh 18 and 21 pounds. One is taller and has a longer snout. His demeanor is also much different. He’s sweet but skittish. The other is fat but so much more Pom characteristics. Love them both.

  10. Beautiful and detailed article. I have a Pomeranian and the article helped me to understand and appreciate this breed. Thank you for sharing your knowledge with us.

  11. I have a pomeranian puppy. I’m not sure about her breed. She is four months now and weighs 4.5 pounds aldready. Her muzzle is longer and her tail is slightly curved to one side which lies on her back. Can you please tell me whether she’s a pom or any other type of spitz.

    1. Hi Nandana – I’d encourage you to get a DNA test. It’s going to be difficult for anyone but a breeder who can see your pup in person to tell you exactly what your dog is. We did one with one of our dogs for $199 (Embark) and the results were definitely worth the cost. Hope this helps, and please let me know if you have questions!

  12. I have a 5 year old Pom weighs 24 pounds and a 10 year old Pom that weighs about 8-10 pounds. Both rescued from two different situation. They get along well with my 13 year old cat as well. The comments that I get most from people are that my male Pom has to either be a spitz or Pom mix because of his size.

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